Example Concept: PID control uses three terms (proportional, integral, and derivative) to adjust the control input based on error feedback, making it suitable for systems where precise tuning can achieve desired performance. In contrast, MPC uses a model of the system to predict future states and optimize control inputs over a horizon, allowing it to handle multi-variable systems with constraints more effectively. MPC is computationally intensive and typically used in applications where predictive accuracy and constraint handling are critical.